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- $Unique_ID{BRK04179}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{Retinopathy, Arteriosclerotic}
- $Subject{Retinopathy Arteriosclerotic Arteriosclerosis, Retina }
- $Volume{}
- $Log{}
-
- Copyright (C) 1987, 1989 National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc.
-
- 327:
- Retinopathy, Arteriosclerotic
-
- ** IMPORTANT **
- It is possible the main title of the article (Arteriosclerotic
- Retinopathy) is not the name you expected. Please check the SYNONYMS listing
- to find the alternate names and disorder subdivisions covered by this
- article.
-
- Synonyms
-
- Arteriosclerosis, Retina
-
- General Discussion
-
- ** REMINDER **
- The information contained in the Rare Disease Database is provided for
- educational purposes only. It should not be used for diagnostic or treatment
- purposes. If you wish to obtain more information about this disorder, please
- contact your personal physician and/or the agencies listed in the "Resources"
- section of this report.
-
-
- Arteriosclerotic Retinopathy is a series of changes in the retina that
- are caused by arteriosclerosis. It is characterized by bleeding in the
- retina, thick fluid oozing from the retina, impaired oxygenation of the
- retina, an abrupt reduction of blood flow to the heart muscle which may cause
- dying off of tissue (myocardial infarction), and hardening of the walls of
- the little arteries (arterioles) in the eye. These degenerative changes can
- cause vision impairment.
-
- Symptoms
-
- In Arteriosclerotic Retinopathy the opening (lumen) of the little arteries
- (arterioles) in the retina is irregular. The retina is the layer of the
- eyeball that contains the light sensitive nerve cells. This layer also
- contains a large number of little blood vessels. This disorder causes
- thickening of the arterial walls which in turn causes the arterioles to
- become contorted.
-
- Flame shaped or pinpoint spots of bleeding may also occur, although they
- are apparent only during examination of the eye with an ophthalmoscope. The
- retina may show oozing of thick liquid, and dying tissue (necrosis) in
- certain spots. The place where the optic nerve enters the retina (optic disk
- or papilla) as seen by the ophthalmologist, may be blurred. The retina may
- become detached, and arterial spasm may occur. Eventually internal bleeding
- or clotting (thrombosis) of the central vein and withering away (atrophy) of
- the retina may result, which can cause progressive vision impairment.
-
- Causes
-
- Arteriosclerotic Retinopathy usually occurs as a result of progressive
- hardening of the blood vessels by calcification and loss of elastic tissue
- (arteriosclerosis). Arteriosclerosis is a general term which includes a
- number of blood vessel diseases such as fatty degeneration of the arteries
- (atherosclerosis), and may also include changes in the shape of the arteries.
- With age, the blood vessels often become more contorted and less elastic.
- Certain biochemical, physical and environmental factors, known as risk
- factors may predispose an individual to arteriosclerosis.
-
- Affected Population
-
- Arteriosclerotic Retinopathy affects persons with fatty degeneration
- (atherosclerosis), and hardening of the arteries (arteriosclerosis). This
- type of Retinopathy usually affects people over age 50 years
-
- Related Disorders
-
- Hypertensive Retinopathy is a syndrome of changes in the retina caused by
- hypertension. It is characterized by progressive changes in the little
- arteries (arterioles) of the eye and swelling (edema), resulting in vision
- impairment. (For more information, choose "hypertensive retinopathy" as your
- search term in the Rare Disease Database.)
-
- Papilledema (Choked Disk) is a swelling (edema) of the portion of the
- retina where the optic nerve enters the eyeball. The swelling is due to
- increased pressure inside the skull that may be caused by a variety of
- conditions.
-
- Therapies: Standard
-
- Therapy for Arteriosclerotic Retinopathy consists of treating the underlying
- arteriosclerosis. An excess of lipids in the blood (hyperlipidemia) can be
- prevented by changes in dietary habits. Fat intake should be reduced, and
- saturated fats should be replaced with polyunsaturated fats. The intake of
- cholesterol, saturated and short-chain fatty acids (such as those in meats or
- dairy products), should be reduced. Weight reduction to normal, or even
- slightly under current statistical norms, is recommended. Drugs may be
- required in certain patients to reduce blood cholesterol and lipids.
-
- Prevention of arteriosclerosis is possible by good control of diabetes
- when present, and by weight loss if obesity is a factor. Cigarette smoking
- may also aggravate arteriosclerosis and should be limited or stopped.
- Regular exercise may be a helpful therapeutic measure. Hypertension should
- be identified and treated early.
-
- Therapies: Investigational
-
- This disease entry is based upon medical information available through March
- 1987. Since NORD's resources are limited, it is not possible to keep every
- entry in the Rare Disease Database completely current and accurate. Please
- check with the agencies listed in the Resources section for the most current
- information about this disorder.
-
- Resources
-
- For more information on Arteriosclerotic Retinopathy, please contact:
-
- National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)
- P.O. Box 8923
- New Fairfield, CT 06812-1783
- (203) 746-6518
-
- NIH/National Eye Institute
- 9000 Rockville Pike
- Bethesda, MD 20892
- (301) 496-5248
-
- Eye Research Institute of the Retina Foundation
- 20 Staniford Street
- Boston, MA 02114
- (617) 742-3140
-
- American Foundation for the Blind (AFB)
- 1010 Vermont Ave., NW, Suite 1100
- New York, NY 10011
- (202) 393-3666
-
- American Heart Association
- 7320 Greenville Ave.
- Dallas, TX 75231
- (214) 750-530
-
- References
-
- CURRENT MEDICAL INFORMATION AND TERMINOLOGY, 5th ed: Asher J. Finkel, et.
- al., eds; American Medical Association, 1981. Pp. 392, 2011.
-
-